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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2016, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 45-59

Laboratory simulation of back-scattering of microwaves at the sea surface at strong and hurricane winds

Yu.I. Troitskaya 1, 2 , V.I. Abramov 3 , A.V. Ermoshkin 1 , E.M. Zuikova 1 , V.I. Kazakov 1 , D.A. Sergeev 1, 2 , A.A. Kandaurov 1, 2 , O.S. Ermakova 1, 2 
1 Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
2 N.I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
3 Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
Accepted: 24.08.2016
DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2016-13-16-45-59
Laboratory experiments directed to investigation of dependencies of the X-band normalized co-polarized and de-polarized radar cross-section on wind speed (U10) and incident angle (θ) are presented. Microwave measurements were accompanied by the measurements of air-flow (friction velocity) and wave field parameters (spectra and slope probability density function). Parameters of air-flow velocity and surface wind waves were measured simultaneously. It was shown that both co-polarized and de-polarized radar return depend on incidence angle; although the de-polarized return is less sensitive. Analysis of the Doppler spectra of the radar backscatter enabled us to conclude that the radar return is formed by resonant scatters moving with the velocity exceeding in 20% the phase velocity of the energy containing surface waves. Basing on the measurements, the X-band and C-band geophysical model functions (GMF) were derived for U10 =10 - 40 m/s and θ = 30o – 60o.
Keywords: scattering of radiowaves on the sea surface, co-polarized and depolarized radar return, Doppler spectrum, storm, hurricane, microwave remote sensing, polarization, boundary layers of the atmosphere and ocean, surface waves breaking
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