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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2015, Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 81-96

Difference of day and night profiles of the pollution cap in the center of St. Petersburg city

D.A. Samulenkov 1 , I.N. Melnikova 1 , M.V. Sapunov 1 , V.K. Donchenko 1 , A.D. Kuznetsov 2 
1 St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
2 Russian State Hydrometeorological University, St. Petersburg, Russia
The lidar system of St. Petersburg State University, located in the center of St. Petersburg on Vasilievsky Island, is described. Objectives and main tasks of lidar monitoring in city center and results of measurements accomplished on March 5, 2015, are presented. Vertical profiles of the extinction coefficient of atmospheric aerosols in the UV spectral channel (355 nm) and in the visible channel (532 nm) are demonstrated resulting from observations during 3 hours in the day and night time. In addition, vertical profiles of particle concentration, mean particle radius, the imaginary and the real parts of the refractive index are obtained. All these parameters help to draw conclusions on the nature of aerosol particles in the near-surface atmospheric layer above the city characterizing the vertical structure and dynamics of contaminants transformation in St. Petersburg. The results of lidar sounding in the center of the city and the vertical profiles of variations of solid impurity particles parameters are compared in day and night time in the pollution cap above the city. To better understand the formation of the urban pollution cap, we present vertical profiles of meteorological parameters from radiosonde measurements performed in Voeikovo (25 km from the lidar sounding site) twice a day. The analysis of the impact profiles of wind, temperature and humidity in the atmosphere have on the properties and dynamics of solid impurities is accomplished. Direction and speed of contaminants transport over Vasilievsky Island of St. Petersburg at different heights are identified. It is shown that meteorological parameters and time of day affect the dynamics of the pollution cap variation above the city.
Keywords: ecological safety, ecological monitoring of the atmosphere, lidar sounding, laser system, meteorological parameters, atmospheric pollution, impact on population health
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