Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2015, Vol. 12, No. 5, pp. 9-32
History and development prospects of Earth research from space in the Optico-Physical Department of IKI RAS
1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
The article is devoted to the history of the Optico-Physical Department of the Space Research Institute RAS (OFO IKI RAS). It is about the people who stood at the origins of the Earth research from space both in our country and at IKI RAS, as well as the milestones of this branch development. Different in scope and significance, they are the results of dedicated work of the OFO IKI RAS team over the last five decades.
The first space- and airborne experiments in multispectral photographic and optoelectronic survey of the Earth's surface met the demand of scientific and industrial consumers for the new information acquired.
Earth space research activities were interrupted by the OFO IKI RAS team for a decade in order to participate in the Vega and Phobos projects studying small bodies of the Solar System. The obtained experience and developed approaches to solving problems of nonstandard space device engineering were accumulated in the course of those projects. An understanding of their affinity in application to different areas of research occurred.
Resumed at a new level, the Earth research activities of OFO IKI RAS soon led to equipment of virtually all modern Russian Earth remote sensing spacecrafts with instruments developed by the team.
The history of OFO IKI RAS is still going on and further achievements in the development of space instruments for studying our planet from space are ahead.
Keywords: Optico-Physical Department of the Space Research Institute, Earth research from space, history, space instruments, optoelectronic devices, star tracker, BOKZ, optical solar tracker, multispectral scanning system, astroinertial navigation system
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