Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2015, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 171-180
Some results of monitoring marine horizon in the red and near infrared spectral regions
I.A. Maslov
1,2 , V.A. Grishin
1 1 Space Research Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
2 Moscow State University, P.K. Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow, Russia
Growing requirements for spacecraft and aircraft navigation reliability, especially in conditions of possible countermeasures, call for increasing the number of navigation information sources and their effective integration. One of such navigation information sources is observation of the horizon line which can be used both for the local vertical calculation and direct correlation-extremal navigation. The problem is that presence of dense Earth atmosphere seriously hampers observation of the horizon line on large optical paths (tens and hundreds of km). In this connection, the experimental investigation of horizon line observation possibility over the sea surface in a spectral band of 550–1000 nm was carried out. The obtained data point to the possibility of observation of the brightness distribution near the horizon line even in moonless night time. By using the stars, we made measurements of the values of atmosphere transmission near the horizon. The feasibility to estimate the flux of radiation from star in spectral band of 550–1000 nm via its magnitudes in the visible spectrum was tested and approved. It is assumed that the distribution of the energy spectrum corresponds to absolutely black body with temperature defined by the spectral type of the star. The gradients of increasing atmospheric transmission with increasing angle above the horizon were obtained in the range from 0,1 to 0,3 degrees-1. The experimental results are to be used for comparison with the results of numerical calculation of the brightness of the horizon line and atmosphere transmission.
Keywords: navigation, monitoring, skyline, sea, atmosphere, the stars
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