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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2014, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 351-359

Quantitative assessment of the 2012-2013 Tolbachik fissure eruption based on remote sensing

P.G. Mikhaylyukova1 , O.V. Tutubalina1 , D.V. Melnikov2 , E.A. Zelenin3 
1 M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
2 Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch RAS, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
3 Geological Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
This paper presents results of study of the 2012-2013 Tolbachik fissure eruption on the basis of remote sensing techniques.
We have calculated values of vertical displacements, lava thickness and the volume of the erupted lava. Values of vertical displacements were estimated using a series of radar interferometric pairs for the Tolbachik eruption zone. These pairs correspond to the concluding phase of the eruption, when vertical displacements were relatively small. Vertical displacements were calculated for parts of lava fields with coherence value over 0,4. The obtained values of vertical displacement are typical for subsidence caused by cooling lava flows. The maximum value of subsidence is 27 cm for 24 days.
The calculation of lava thickness was based on comparison of multitemporal DEMs. Height profiles measured by geodetic GPS receivers during fieldwork in August 2013 were used to estimate the quality of DEMs, derived from satellite imagery: freely available SRTM, SRTM-X, ASTER GDEM and the DEMs calculated at RDC ScanEx from two stereopairs of SPOT6 images (of 18.07.2013 and 11.10.2013). The RMS error for heights of SRTM-X and SPOT 6 in relation to GPS data is within ±5 m. This enables to estimate the total thickness of new lava fields on the basis of height differences between SRTM-X and SPOT 6 DEMs. Both SPOT 6 DEMs were used together to eliminate errors caused by clouds and snow. The maximum lava thickness is over 80 m. The volume of the erupted lava is 0,521±0,25 km3.
Keywords: interferometry, vertical displacement, DEM, 2012-2013 Tolbachik fissure eruption
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