Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2014, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 178-193
Abnormal conditions of meteorological regime in coastal zone of North Caucasian shore during 2010-2013 (based on data of Gelendzhik meteorological station).
L.V. Moskalenko
1 , V.A. Melnikov
2 , N.I. Kuzevanova
1 1 P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, Southern Branch, Gelendzhik, 353467, Russia
2 P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology RAS, Moscow, 117997, Russia
The paper provides analysis of monthly and annual variability of air and water temperature, wind and diurnal precipitation in an area of a coastal study site (nearshore zone of the town of Gelendzhik) during 2010-2013. Temperature characteristic and wind conditions during these years were abnormal. Data of 2010-2013 are compared with the average annual data during the period of 1935-2013. Variability of wind conditions and synoptic atmospheric processes are examined on different scales. With a help of the monthly wind diagrams for certain years during the period of 2010-2013 not only the cyclic changes of prevalent wind direction and velocity in particular months can be retraced, but also a well-marked seasonal variability of wind direction. The paper provides a comparison of repeatability of winds of main azimuth bearings based on the long-term data series of the Gelendzhik meteorological station and the reanalyzed data of NCEP/NCAR array for the studied area of the Black Sea (NE part). It is demonstrated that according to the Gelendzhik meteorological station repeatability of winds of NW bearing in the coastal zone is insignificantly large; repeatability of winds of E, S and SE bearings is noticeably large and repeatability of winds of SW, W and NW, which are typical for the southern part of the studied square bearings, is lesser. It is shown that difference of monthly temperature of water and air is characterized by a distinct monthly and seasonal variability and is significantly determined by the peculiarities of wind regime and water circulation. Examples of the air and water temperature extreme decreasing and increasing during the studied period are given. It is shown that the abnormal meteorological situations can develop in areas of prolonged frontal interaction of large-scale baric formations with contrast features of air masses. A flood that took place during July 6-7, 2012, was abnormal for the time period of 1935-2013. Amount of daily precipitation was 267 mm, which is higher than maximum monthly precipitation during any other year of 1935-2013 and corresponds almost 25% of maximum annual precipitation for that period. Duration of wind forcing of the particular main azimuth bearings plays an important role in structure formation and water circulation in the coastal zone of north-eastern part of the Black Sea. Examples are provided of the meteorological situations for certain months in the period of 2010-2013 when the maximum repeatability of winds of main azimuth bearings had occurred. For the period of 1935-2013, the extreme characteristics of air and water temperature, wind velocity, monthly and daily precipitation are provided.
Keywords: North Caucasian coast, synoptic atmospheric processes, wind, extreme characteristics of meteorological parameters
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