Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2014, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 42-53
Monitoring the transformation of Krasnodar Reservoir utilizing high resolution satellite data
1 Water Problems Institute RAS, Moscow, Russia
The problems of silting reservoirs built on the rivers flowing in the foothill areas are considered. The feasibility of using satellite information to monitor the development of negative processes in such reservoirs is evaluated. The need to organize permanent observation of channel reservoirs built a few decades ago is discussed. The urgency of developing modern methods to describe transformation processes of water areas and shores of reservoirs (alternative to traditional) is noted that involves obtaining estimates of morphometric characteristics of the reservoir under condition of reducing ground observation network. Such methods include remote sensing and mapping water bodies and their catchment areas with subsequent creation of an information base of the problem-oriented GIS on the basis of data obtained. The Krasnodar Reservoir built on the Kuban River between 1968 and 1973, the largest channel reservoir in the North Caucasus, has been chosen the object of investigation. The stages of the reservoir formation from its inception to the present are studied using historical remote sensing data and mapping materials. Considered are the causes of catastrophic siltation of the reservoir divided into two separate parts with the vast dam from the Belaya River sediments. Using high-resolution space imagery from the last generation satellites compensates for the inability to carry out ground surveys of this dam. Conclusions state a substantial reduction in the useful volume of the reservoir and a risk of its overflow during catastrophic floods. Schematic map is drawn and calculations of the reservoir water area changes for the period of its existence are carried out.
Keywords: Channel reservoirs, siltation, space monitoring, ecological problems, side tributaries, watershed, risk, floods
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