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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2014, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 310-320

Simulation of the sea surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function

N.E. Lebedev1 , V.V. Pustovoitenko1 , K.V. Pokazeev2 , O.N. Melnikova2 
1 Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Sevastopol, Russia
2 M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Analyzed are limitations existing in traditional sea surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) modeling involving Gram - Charlier slopes distribution. Formally, it has the form of an infinite series, but in practice, however, only a relatively small number of series terms coefficients could be found with limited precision. As a consequence, such distributions are applicable only in a certain range of sea surface slopes beyond which they have errors, up to appearance of negative values. Range of sea surface slopes which is adequately described by Gram - Charlier distribution is narrower than is necessary for the analytic description of sea surface images obtained by spacecraft - mounted optical scanners. The combined slopes probability density model is proposed which tends either to Gram - Charlier distribution in region of small slopes values or to Gaussian distribution outside this region. On the basis of this combined slopes probability density model, free from disadvantages of Gram - Charlier distribution with a small number of terms , an improved sea surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function was built. This combined model allows to describe a mirror reflection of sunlight in the whole range of possible incident and reflected angles.
Keywords: optical images, bidirectional reflectance distribution function, sea surface slopes, Gram-Charlier distribution, combined model
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