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ISSN 2070-7401 (Print), ISSN 2411-0280 (Online)
Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN REMOTE SENSING OF THE EARTH FROM SPACE

  

Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2014, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 140-156

Regularities of rock alteration assemblages of ore-magmatic systems containing quartz-vein manifestations of gold (by satellite spectrometry)

I. Gornyy1 , G. Kritsuk1 , Sh. Latypov1 , A. Tronin1 
1 SRCES RAS, St.Petersburg, Russia
Possibilities of rock alteration mapping of quartz-vein gold deposits were investigated. The arid, well exposed region of Western Africa was chosen as the test site. Our researches are based on the concept of ore-magmatic systems (OMS) containing quarts-vein gold deposits. The genetic model of porphyry OMS, as well as the possibility to map prospecting signs of such OMS by the modern measuring remote sensing methods were analyzed. We noticed that regular zones of hydrothermal rock alterations are one of the most important prospecting sign of porphyry OMS. That is why the main goal of this paper is to investigate the possibility to map the regular zones of hydrothermally altered rocks of porphyry OMS by satellite spectrometry. The Terra (ASTER) satellite data were used. Visual tectonic interpretation of porphyry OMS signs from different RGB color composites was done. Possibilities of two algorithms of mineral spectra recognition (Spectral feature fitting and Constrained energy minimization) were investigated. The fuzzy unsupervised classification of quantitative distance of spectra similarities was applied to map complexes of minerals. As a result, normal and inverted regular hydrothermally altered zones were mapped in porphyry OMS containing quarts-vein gold deposits. Two hypothesis were suggested to explain the mechanism of this regularity formation: - influence of positive and negative forms of land surface relief on the eroded material transportation; - level of OMS erosion (volcanic or plutonic). It was concluded that the level of OMS system erosion derives the normal or inverted type of zones. Additional prospecting indicators of OMS containing gold deposits of quartz-vein formation, as well as copper deposits, were formulated.
Keywords: gold, deposit, ore-magmatic system, altered rocks, zones, satellite, spectrometry, recognition, regularities, indicators.
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