Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa, 2012, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 246-256
Remote Sensing for Hazardous Eruption and Earthquake Monitoring and Reducing the Risks of Environmental Impact
A.P. Khrenov
, V.V. Yarmolyuk
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences institution (IGEM RAS), 119017, Moscow, Staromonetnyy Per., 35
The only possibility to minimize the risks and environmental impact of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions is warning the population in due time about the impending natural hazards and making their short-term forecasts. These objectives are achieved using the satellite-based catastrophic event monitoring system designed for the performance of the main task: eruption and earthquake precursors detecting and recognition. Active volcanoes in Russia are concentrated entirely in the Kuril-Kamchatka volcanic belt, and earthquake foci confined to subduction zones are also concentrated here beneath Kamchatka and the Kurils along the Pacific Ocean coast. The main instruments applied for the Earth's surface observation and geological hazard monitoring are the MODIS and thermal emission and reflection (ASTER) radiometers. Computer processing of radar interferometry (SRTM) data and the possibility to compile new three-dimensional digital elevation models and data layers enables the prompt assessment of the areal extent and volumes of eruption products during future eruptions in real-time mode.
Keywords: volcano, eruptions, earthquakes, monitoring, remote sensing, volcanic and seismic hazard
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